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Japanese Drive Fisheries Small whales, dolphins and porpoises are also
victims of destructive hunting. The
Small cetaceans are hunted the Faroe Islands, the Solomon Islands, and
elsewhere, but the largest slaughter of small cetaceans in the world is
conducted in Japan. Of these, the Japanese drive hunts are the most
tragic.
Approximately 20,000 dolphins and small whales are chased and killed
every year. Well over a thousand of these animals are killed very close
to shore in the notorious ‘drive fisheries.” These drive hunts are
appallingly cruel. They are also unnecessary given that much of the meat
ends up as pet food or fertilizer. The meat that is sold is not labeled
as contaminated and has been found to contain dangerous levels of
mercury, presenting a public health hazard. The hunts are also
unregulated and since little is known about the population status of the
animals being hunted, serial species depletions may be taking place
without the knowledge of the scientific community.
The fishermen try to justify the drive hunts by saying they are
continuing a cultural tradition or are reducing the competition for
fish. The real reason why the hunts persist is greed as the fishermen
are selling live dolphins from the hunts to aquariums. Fishermen in Taiji, Futo and a few other coastal towns in Japan have hunted dolphins and other small whales for food for centuries. They were once small fishing villages reliant on the bounty from their coasts. Nowadays Taiji - like other drive fishery towns - are thriving, modern cities and yet a few fishermen are still clinging to the outdated practice of hunting wild dolphins, in the hundreds. The drive hunts typically take place from October through March. Once a school of dolphins or small whales has been spotted at sea, the fishermen 'drive' them towards the shore using noise to spook them. Long poles with flanged ends are placed in the water and tapped to generate the noise. The resultant sounds confuse the animals, enabling the fishermen to steer them towards the shore. Once enclosed in a killing bay a net is thrown across the mouth and the dolphins are trapped. The net is then drawn tighter and tighter towards the shore until the animals are thrashing around in a confused panic. All the time the fishermen in their small boats are driving them closer and closer to the shore and confining them further. Many animals drown and some die from the stress of confinement. In an effort to conceal the barbarity of the drive hunts, the Japanese authorities who sanction the hunts have instructed the drive fishermen to hide the killing process from outside eyes. This is done by sectioning off the killing zone with tarpaulin sheeting while the slaughter occurs and by closing off the roads to the villages to outsiders during the hunts. Once captured, many of the animals are slaughtered by the fishermen with knives and spears. They cry out in agony and struggle to escape. Bleeding profusely and thrashing about, they take many agonizing minutes to die. They are then chained by the tail and hauled ashore to be gutted and processed into meat, pet food and fertilizer. All that remains of the killing frenzy is the bloody water. With the growing popularity of captive dolphins, dolphin shows and swim-with-the-dolphin programs, the demand for dolphins has increased. Many nations have outlawed the capture of dolphins from the wild for commercial gain. Japan has not and the drive fisheries provide a perfect source for unscrupulous buyers and brokers of dolphins. Nowadays the captive industry is underpinning the drive fisheries with some hunts taking place only when an order for dolphins has been made by an aquarium. Once the dolphins have been driven ashore, dolphin handlers and trainers jump into the water to hand-pick some of the dolphins for a life in captivity. They select “show-quality” dolphins - usually unblemished females – and leave the rest to their fate. A dead dolphin is worth a few hundred dollars but a live one can sell for a hundred times that making the dolphin hunts very lucrative. The United States, Europe and many other countries have outlawed the importation of dolphins from Japan due to these exceptionally cruel capture methods. The World Association of Zoos and Aquariums (WAZA), an organization representing over 1,200 zoos and aquariums around the world, and the U.S. Association of Zoos and Aquariums (AZA) have both condemned the Japanese drive fishery hunts and related captures for aquaria. WAZA explicitly prohibits member organizations from purchasing dolphins from drive hunts. In fall 2006, AWI teamed up with Earth Island Institute, Elsa Nature Conservancy and In Defense of Animals to create Save Japan Dolphins dedicated to stopping the drive hunts. Working in Japan and around the world our campaign focuses on:
Mr. Ric O’Barry, marine mammal specialist for Earth Island Institute visits Taiji several times a year and has done for many years. He goes to witness, document and expose the hunts. His films of the hunts, though painful to make and to watch are bringing world attention to this barbaric practice. Each year in the Fall around the time of the commencement of the drive hunt season people from all walks of life come together to oppose the drive hunts. AWI takes pride in organizing the Washington, D.C. rally as part of this global effort to highlighted the practice on an international level. For reports on past Japan Dolphin Day protests click here. We have also collaborated with the marine mammal scientific community which has collectively demonstrated its opposition to the hunts in a scientist statement condemning the hunts.
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