Wardrop, E. 2024, April. Refinements to goat housing for ADME collections. Animal Technology and Welfare 23(1), 66–67.

Typically, ADME studies are conducted using metabolism cages designed for the single housing of animals to enable the quantitative collection of urine and faeces, normally over a 1 to 2 week period. It is well documented that providing a stimulating environment for social animals such as goats has a significant positive impact on their welfare. As traditional single housing cages are small, a new larger cage with improved features was designed. In addition to the welfare benefits for the goats with improved space and social interaction, the refinements introduced enabled more efficient study conduct, accurate dose calculation, improved urine and faecal colllections, inclduing their stable food intake and bodyweight.