Bayne, K., Dexter, S., Suomi, S. 1992. A preliminary survey of the incidence of abnormal behavior in rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) relative to housing condition. Lab Animal 21(5), 38-46.

To assess the behavioral status of individuals from one nonhuman primate species housed in different social [single vs group] and physical environments [corn crib vs indoor/outdoor run], we conducted a survey of abnormal behaviors in rhesus monkeys ... The greatest frequency of overall abnormal behavior and stereotypic exploratory behavior was in the SC [single cage] condition, and the lowest frequency of occurrence in the CC [corn crib] condition ... in IO [indoor/outdoor] runs, the animals showed no self-directed behavior.