Dazey, J., Kuyk, K., Oswald, M. et al. 1977. Effects of group composition on agonistic behavior of captive pigtailed macaques (Macaca nemestrina). American Journal of Physical Anthropology 46, 73-76.

Females showed significantly less aggression in the presence of adult males [one male per group] than they did in female-only groups.

Year

1977