Van Liere, D. W. 1992. The significance of fowl's bathing in dust. Animal Welfare 1, 187-202.

Dustbathing in fowls (such as chickens) consists of tossing the litter onto and between the fluffed feathers and subsequently enclosing it by flattening the feathers. Recommendations are given concerning adequate dustbathing litter. A chronic deprivation of adequate litter leads to an uncontrollable condition of the lipids on the integument and an abnormal development of dustbathing. Such a deprivation reduces animal welfare, moulds the fowls behavioural development in an abnormal way and is likely to result in an increase of integumental damages and energy losses.